Saturday, August 31, 2019

Artificial Intelligence Related to Wall-E Robot Essay

1. Technological Advancement presented in WALL-E that are existing A. Voice Command This technological advancement presented in the movie is using the voice to execute primarily commands in which we are telling on what should be done. B. Search Command This technological advancement presented in the movie is using also our voice in which the said technology is arranging or systematizing an orderly search object in which the user is wish to know. C. Pattern Recognition This technological advancement presented in the movie is using using pattern schronization in which the agent is moving through patterns in which in provides where the agent direction and avoding collision to the other agent that have another pattern to follow. 2. Technological Advancement presented in WALL-E that are possible to happen A. Eve – flying robot This technological advancement presented in the movie is a robot in which capable of flying attach with scanner sensor and a weapon . This advancement would be possible because we do have some agent(s) that have sensor attach to them and agent that use in that has weapon use in military combat. B. Accel – ship This technological advancement presented in the movie can sustain life specifically human life in space for many years and attach with different system or technology. As presented in the movie they live in the space for 700 years living with sustanable oxygen and gravity balance. This techonology is possible in a way that that are the same to the experience of our astronouts discovering in the space and with the technology use in some science museum in which they can adjust gravity for us to experience space. And now we do have sensors and system that use in the ship ,likely some , thus it is possible for the human race to have. C. Transportation like a speed of light This technological advancement presented in the movie in which tha accel(ship) is returning to earth like a speed of light. It is possible because we do have now this technology boosting to space in which we can go to mars less than the usual frame time .

Friday, August 30, 2019

Pro Gay Marriage

The controversy over gay marriage has become highly publicized. However, this issue is not a new debate. Society has voiced its opinions on the subject for many years. Everyone knows that people are able to choose, according to their body and instinct, their sexuality; most of the time, tabulated statistics state that in nine out of ten times option chosen is heterosexual. On the other hand, the other ten percent belongs to the homosexual population, which has been suffering all kinds of persecution and marginalization throughout history, forcing them to live in hiding, with permanent fear, and in scandal.If there were no such people, we would be unfairly deprived of the works of a lot of painters, sculptors, writers, filmmakers, and many more. Works that we admire today and were created from their homosexual point of view. A few years ago in Europe, some governments, like the Netherlands, Belgium, and Spain, that are countries of western thought and Christian tradition, have dared t o legalize marriage between same sex persons, giving them all the rights and obligations of heterosexual couples, even including adoption.Obama has not made a firm promise on either side of this issue, but he has recently indicated that he will do his part to push for equal rights regarding the gay population. These steps are acts of justice that recognize the right of citizens to choose their sexual orientation by themselves without feeling discriminated or diminished, and they give homosexual couples the same right to form a family and offspring that marriage concedes to heterosexual couples. Unfortunately these steps are not enough; there are still a lot of people contrary to the marriage between people of same sex.The arguments against the right of gay couples to marry can be beaten when they are examined closely. One of the most used has been that there is a deathblow to the family as an institution. Why? How? Cannot heterosexual couples continue to marry and have children if t hey want to. Does anyone, because of the establishment of this right, force someone to marry or not marry differently from the traditional? Of course not. On the other hand, by allowing gay couples to marry and adopt children, this will inject new vitality to an institution, the family, that – someone did not otice yet? – suffered from a long time in a deep crisis in western society. Counting the number of divorces, which grows each year, there are voices who predict a hopeless obsolescence. The paradox is that probably only through homosexuals, who as all persecuted minorities want to get out of the ghetto in which society has confined them, the family can reestablished the illusion and the respect that in a very large number of heterosexuals, particularly young people, seems to have been lost.So there is no irony in me saying that I think that it is very possible that in twenty or thirty years statistics will discover more stable families among gay marriage. Identica l prejudgment says that children adopted by gay couples will suffer anomalous behavior because a child to be â€Å"normal† needs to have a father and a mother, not two fathers or two mothers. This dogmatic assertion does not have any psychological support. Children needs love, either from two fathers, two mothers or both of them.There are also some people who have a stubborn blindness and have not learned that a lot of cases of violence and sexual abuse have been discovered in heterosexual couples. Those parents, either heterosexual or homosexual, are unique, and regarding the education of their children may be admirable, tyrannical, loving or cruel. It is clear that those people have fought so hard to be able to adopt children, fortunately now in some parts of Europe they can do, are raising children with enthusiasm and taking on the responsibility of their role.There is no reason behind all these arguments. There is an inveterate prejudice, an instinctive revulsion toward t hose who practice love in a way that centuries of ignorance, stupidity, and obscurantism have demonized by calling it abnormal. It is important to be said that a recent statistic in the United States revealed that 33% of young people who commit suicide are gay, and half of them were rejected by their parents. Tell me what then is the reason for adolescent boys and girls who will be committing suicide right now because they are attracted to someone of the same sex?Maybe because society has failed to accept them, and one of the key points for acceptance can be if their union in marriage is considered legal. Actually, science, biology, anthropology, psychology, and history have put ideas in place long ago and have established that talk of abnormality of sexual vocation in human beings is risky and alienating; unfortunately, the church has never been aligned with these assertions. The fact is that the gay population has been wondering through the years why they cannot marry as heterosex uals.The church has tried to explain for many years that marriage has to be between men and women under God’s eyes. This position is understandable especially from the Catholic standpoint. The other thing the church gives importance to along with marriage is procreation. So far, there is no need to do a fertility analysis on heterosexual couples who wish to marry. This is another point at which we realize that the church is not acting fairly.They expect us to believe that procreation is more important besides love in marriage, but really they do not care too much, because they do not punish the infertile heterosexuals. Homosexual population cannot accept that they are deprived of a fundamental right such as marriage. It should have to be a possibility that the church accepts to change the rules and includes in their definition of marriage that can be either same or different sex. There is a lot of the homosexual population keeping their faith and they would like to marry in a church.Others, instead, have chosen to stay away from the church because the ongoing ridicule they are actually suffering from the church. There has to be a point where we can put both parties together. The way to do it will be difficult, but not impossible. We have already seen that the church will never consider marriage between same sex people, but let me invite them to a little reflection. It would be that the purpose of marriage is the union of a man and a woman in front of God’s eyes, based on love that they profess.If they could think about people regardless their gender, gay marriage would fall into this category. That is what we have to make them recognize. We love each other regardless of sexual option. It is the same love. Love between two people who want to share their lives Everyone knows that in the beginning of the twenty first century no one follows some of the church recommendations. There are very few believers who have endured celibacy until marriage; this is one of the proofs with which we realize that the church needs a renovation to make them adapt to contemporary times.It would be fair to reflect and could accommodate a definition of marriage to speak of only the union between two people regardless of gender. The governments of as many countries as possible should urge their language academies to update the term and recommend the church does not put any barrier and even marry homosexual believers if they want to. Given that society has advanced so much, and some minorities are fortunately vanishing because rights are slowly recognizing.We have the opportunity to change the course of history and ensure that our generation be remembered for changes that really changed things for the better live in the beginning of twenty first century. Therefore, it may be fair to say that the definition of marriage should be changed in order to give homosexual couples the same rights and obligations as heterosexual couples. We are all individuals, and we have the same rights and nobody because of his or her sexual choice should be excluded.People cannot turn a deaf ear to all these cases of boys and girls who are committing suicide, and an extraordinary step forward to normalize the situation would be by treating gay marriage as normal. Also a lesbian bride should have the same right looking forward to her wedding day, and have an engagement ring or even have and raise babies. It would be an important step towards a fundamental equalizing right of human beings, to be equal and to be able to live in a climate of respect, harmony, and fairness.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

High-Risk Family Assessment Essay

Homelessness can occur even in the most stable income families. Families that have a one income household can find themselves without employment suddenly from companies that are experiencing economic difficulties which lead to reduction in forces. The United States homeless populations decreased by one percent in 2011. The nation went from 643,067 homeless people to 636,017. The largest decrease was among homeless veterans. The number of homeless veterans declined from 75,609 in 2009 to 67,495 in 2011 (US Bureau of Statistics, 2012). Homeless families have many medical needs that need to be addressed by a health care provider. Nursing plans are based on the assessment of family needed and interventions should be individualized. In the following paper, the writer will provide an assessment of how homelessness affects family processes. Healthy People 2020 objectives related to homelessness are identified and, a list of nursing interventions was developed. Homeless families are mostly s ingle parent families with women as head of household. The age range is 20-35 years old. Members of the family are often from minority groups. The primary causes of homelessness are the inability to pay rent, overcrowding and family conflict. Homeless families experience extreme poverty which put the family at risk for numerous health conditions (US Bureau of Statistics, 2012). The more serious acute and chronic illnesses as well as mental illness and children are vulnerable for a wide range of disease processes. It is estimated that 90 percent of homeless mothers has a mental illness with substance abuse and children have a high rate of development impairment (Wagner & Menke, 2002). Mothers demonstrate a high level of intense stress along with inability to cope. Children react to their homeless condition through hyperactive and aggressive behavior; their behavior can range from being withdrawn to becoming emotionally clinging (Wagner & Menke, 1992). The family’s life is marked by confusion, turmoil, constant chaos and stress so that family violence is common. Their  lives are also commonly marked by crime and victimization. Homeless families commonly suffer from malnutrition, infections, a wide number of diseases, and mental health problems (Cotton & Roden, 2007). The Homeless Family Assessment Assessment can be performed from several approaches. Wagner and Menke (1992) emphasize the value of case management because it is a holistic approach, uses comprehensive knowledge of health and illness, and has the capability to screen for deviations from the norm. Case management is able to take into account the fragmented nature of the homeless family and the use of many different agencies in care. Because homeless families are extremely vulnerable populations with highly complex needs, the clinical nurse specialist is the most appropriate health care provider for these families (Wagner & Menke). Healthy People 2020 Objectives Healthy People 2020 has the general goal of improving mental health and access to mental health services. Among the objectives is the improvement of people with co-occurring mental disorders and substance abuse problems. Another objective is to make assessment, diagnosis, and treatment available for these people. Nursing Interventions Nursing interventions need to focus on the mother’s strengths and allow her to maintain control over the family’s functioning. When homeless mothers have mental health problems, the first intervention should be providing access to care. Ensure a safe place for medications and adapt medication regimen. Provide for patient education and screen the children for physical and mental problems. Most especially, the clinical nurse specialist needs to collaborate and coordinate with ancillary care as the family will have ongoing issues. Health teaching must include all the psychosocial aspects of care and certain problems experienced by the family will require advocacy. Nutrition should be the first concern after shelter and the strategies may involve coordination, referrals and advocacy as well as guidance and teaching. Lack of good nutrition and an adequate daily diet is a source of impairment in all areas. The clinical nurse specialist will also act as advocate both for individual homeless families and all families that  require solutions to problems brought on by homelessness. Nurse Case Manager and the Homeless Family The homeless family would benefit from the assignment of a case-manager. The case manager may encounter the homeless mother with children on the streets in a situation of extreme instability. The case manager will follow the family and monitor any physical and mental health issues and make sure that the family is having proper care. Conclusion Although homeless families are decreasing slightly in the United States, it is still a high-risk area. A large proportion of these families are made up of single mothers with at least one child. The families are very vulnerable to acute and chronic physical and mental conditions while they have little or no access to care. Families can find themselves abruptly in the most extreme and stressful situation but they still have certain strengths as is observed in the fact that these families are intact. Single mothers of these families manage to maintain family functioning despite the odds. Stress as experienced by homeless mothers is intense and can lead to or exacerbate mental illness. Rather than focusing on mental illness, the health care provider needs to make shelter, nutrition and rest the main priorities because they contribute to mental health. Case management is the best approach to serve the needs of the homeless families. The health care provider’s role is teaching and counseling. One of the most valuable roles to the family is for the health care provider to be an advocate for them. References Amerson, R. (2008). Mental illness in homeless families. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 4(2), 109-114. Cotton, A. & Roden, J. (2007). Using patterns of knowing in nursing as a possible framework for nursing care of homeless families with children. Contemporary Nurse, 23(2), 331-342. Healthy people 2020: The road ahead. (2008). Journal of Environmental Health, 70(10), 82. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/219721672?accountid=458 United States Bureau of Statistics, 2012 retrieved from www.usbureauofstatistics.gov Wagner, J. & Menke, E. (1992). Case management of homeless families. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 6(2), 65-71.

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Critical Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Critical Analysis Paper - Essay Example Along the kerbs and spaces in between the lines are trees and at some points are there are some overhead street lighting lamps in the parkway. On the rear of the painting of the parkway is a bridge below which the lanes of the parkway pass. Again, on the rear of the painting, the sky looks lighted, implying some source of natural lighting cast on the sky. In a similar way, hind sections of the parkway including the bridge and the surrounding sections are brighter as a result of the lighting. In contrast, the foreground of the parkway painting is not lit and creates an impression of some shadow. On the far rear of the painting, in the corner is equally lit storey building amidst several leafy trees. It is also noticeable that the trees around the storey structure are leafier as compared to the ones in between the lanes which look rather unhealthy. The painting of the Masholu Parkway also shoes a highway that is not up to standard since some sections of it look dilapidated. Proper planning of the highway also seems not to be sufficient no visible highway marks and directions to the highway users. Te lighting posts are also scanty in the painting of the Masholu Parkway. The textural surface of the painting and especially with relation to the tactile character of the highway is in agreement. The quality feel and coloration of the painting most resembles the fabric of what the highways are perceived and known to be. The grey color used in most parts of the painting correlates well with the usual nature and texture and the feeling of any road or highway. As to the areas in the foreground, middle ground and the background and the space around and within the objects of the painting, the highway itself is accorded sufficient space. The space occupied by the highway itself is much greater than any other object in the painting. In fact, the bridge and the highway lanes take up more than three-quarters of the space available. This, in effect enhances the main focus of

Evaluation of frontline the merchants of cool Essay

Evaluation of frontline the merchants of cool - Essay Example However, marketing is admittedly not that simple or easy, as consumers are quite fickle. They can change their minds readily, by following trends and whatever is considered as â€Å"cool.† Marketeers and advertising professionals can focus their efforts only on a particular sector or segment of the population, to achieve maximum effect. One can direct all marketing and advertising on middle-aged individuals, for example, for these are the people who are at the peak of their earning capabilities, at the prime of their careers. Or one can focus on youths which is also fast becoming a significant sector because of its huge spending power. Teenagers are the hottest consumer demographic today, at 33 million strong with a buying power of about $100 billion by themselves alone, and by influencing parents, can still command another $50 billion to spend. I will argue in this paper that the comparison made by media critic and professor Robert McChesney likening this population segment a s a massive empire to be colonized, an intellectual equivalent to Africa, is not very accurate. Discussion Teenagers as a separate demographic segment came into prominence only recently as family incomes rose during the last few decades. Teens today have more pocket money when compared to earlier generations due to this rising affluence brought by a good economy and a continued globalization in teen culture has a marked influence on how this sector came to the attention of professional marketeers. Teen lifestyle became a distinct marketing category that deserves all the attention from marketing and advertising professionals because teenagers' big spending power on consumer items is a crucial factor when selling items like CDs, films, television programs, clothing, jewelry, shoes, books, music, sports, and many other items. In a certain but limited sense, this is probably what Prof. McChesney referred to as a moral equivalent of the vastness of the African continent at the turn of th e previous century, when it was ripe for the taking and exploitation. The teen demographic sector provides a vast opportunity for the purveyors of youth culture, food, fashion, fun, beauty products, activities, etc. because of their huge spending power in absolute dollar terms. Teenagers in a way had become a legitimate sector as part of an American consumer polity (Lee & Zhou 102). However, the comparison of this teen demographic sector to the African continent is not very appropriate, as it is a bit of an exaggeration because of one key difference. In the time of British colonialism and imperialism, the colonized peoples of Africa were in no way able to offer some form of resistance. It was largely a one-way relationship, in which the British held all the cards, so to speak, with the African peoples in a very weak position in the relationship of colonial power and colonized people. The colonial encounter in Africa was that of inequality, the British from a position of strength and the Africans in a weak position (Asad 16) but this is clearly not the case when it comes to the teens in terms of marketing. The youth today have a voice or choice, in which they

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Dunkin Donuts Exam2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dunkin Donuts Exam2 - Research Paper Example The customers are also allowed to make decisions and give opinions on the same. The group has also developed a strategy to offer information about nutrition, and avail a wide selection of items on their menus. The group has also introduced great tasting fast foods that take into consideration the kind of lifestyle as well as meeting crucial dietary needs. Dunkin’ Group was among the first to introduce donuts with zero grams Trans fat. Later, they modified their ice cream to be the same. The group also established a board that would help address nutritional matters. The board comprised of experts on nutrition, wellness and health (Dunkin, 2014). They were to help with the development and regeneration of products that would take into consideration the rising needs of the customers. The research helps the company to anticipate and understand wellness and health trends and instils modern nutritional science in the development of the menu. The group has also a strategy to provide h ealth-related information to the public. The group ensures that information on calories is brought out in an easily comprehendible manner. The group has also started using foam cups to serve their coffee. The cup has benefits such as keeping the coffee hotter for longer hours. The group has also resolved to use recycled napkins to reduce waste of napkins. The company has set an objective to concentrate its efforts on making healthier food substances from the items they bake. They do this while focussing on the opportunities the market presents. It is also among the long-term objectives by Dunkin’ Donuts Group to expand their menus so that they can offer non-traditional items such as iced-coffee. The company aims at providing speedy services. They also aim at making products that are of a constant quality and at affordable prices. These are crucial for the company to earn consumer loyalty (Dunkin, 2013). The company is set to go for production methods that are

Monday, August 26, 2019

Oil Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Oil - Research Paper Example Hence, forming a potential market to the oil-producing states where mostly they tend to have the final say regarding the commodity’s price. However, it is not that America lacks its own reserves, but their yield is inadequate to provide for its large population that normally consumes approximately 6.6 billion barrels annually (Bruce, 2007). This prompted the state to seek other sources of oil that will manage to cater adequately for its demand. America yielded to 21% investing in other states compared to its direct dealing operations. This was in the form of establishing corporations that will specialize in either oil drilling or having other diverse roles in ensuring adequate attainment of oil in the oil rich states, and in turn benefit; hence using diplomacy (Hitchcock, 2010). Currently, America produces 21 billion barrels that normally provide 6.6 billion barrels of oil meant for its population’s demand annually. According to conservationists, this annual consumption is adequate in providing America for 3.5 years, but only through proper application of other substitute saving methods besides effective technology especially in the transport sector. However, studies indicate America’s oil consumption trend continues to augment, where by the year 2020 according to Ghouri’s statistics would read 24,900, 2,596, 2,321 thousand in USA, Canada and Mexico respectively. This was a comparison with the year 1999 oil consumption statistics having 19,519, 1,943, 1,970 thousand in USA, Canada and Mexico accordingly (Ghouri, 2001). The augmenting demand trend has prompted America to depend on imports from other states, since the reserves, that it possesses does not equal its consumption. This is because the demand is outdoing the already diminishing reserves’ production. Studies indicate that American shore reserves are diminishing, which leaves the state with no alternative except offshore drilling, which is expensive. This is due to the capital necessitated

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Interactive Whiteboards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interactive Whiteboards - Essay Example "And the color, movement, sound and participation all come without messy chalk, stinky dry erase markers and copies of transparencies" (par. 2). Interactive whiteboards offer tremendous benefits not only for students, but also for teachers. They assist "people of many learning styles and save teachers time and space. Lessons can be saved into the system and can easily incorporate countless videos, maps, photos and websites. Teachers can pause videos and write notes on the screen, science classes can explore frogs through virtual dissection and geometry figures can be rotated, shrunk or expanded" (par. 18). In short, they make classroom instruction more efficient and learning more fun and interesting. The ability to harness the power, depth and breadth of the internet in this manner offers infinite new ways to try and reach out to students to grab their attention and improve their understanding of the material. There are many examples of ways in which this new technology has been and can be applied within the classroom. "Teachers can put a pyramid on the board and turn it so the class can see all the angles and sides. Students can count vertices by touching them on the board and setting them off in another color. Teachers can bounce between editing a paper on the board to searching for something online to illustrating what 1/16th of an inch looks like on a ruler" (par. 4). Any subject from math to literature to art and music can greatly benefit from these cybertronic chalkboards. This emerging hardware technology is significant because of its potential to revolutionize classrooms and teaching approaches. In the past, classroom instruction has tended to be one dimensional, very static, and non-interactive. Teachers would write on chalkboards or overhead slides, and would often be confined to the limited universe of often out-of-date instructional aids and materials to which they happened to have access. The ability of students to actively participate in a lesson, beyond raising their hand to answer the teacher's questions or make comments in a class discussion, was quite limited. With interactive whiteboards, teachers have the ability to take their lessons "outside of the box." Virtually any material available on the internet that pertains to the subject matter being taught can be summoned right then and there during a classroom lesson. This enables a much more detailed, nuanced and up-to-date discussion of the material. Further, students have a much greater opportunity to participate in the lesson in a meaningful way in which they can really interact with and digest the material. For example, at Centerville Elementary School in Minnesota, the technology prompted students to utilize their down time more productively, gathering around the board to review the material that had been taught earlier. "Using their fingers they dragged numbers on the screen into blank spots on a triangle as part of a math problem. When it's time for the class to leave for their next activity, one student pleads to the teacher, 'Can we check if it's right before we go'" (par. 11). As part of a literature lesson at the same school, teacher Tony Valenti used the device to bring to life the book

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Annotated Reference List Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Annotated Reference List - Assignment Example stated the addictive behaviors are divided into three important categories which include physiological model, disease model and social learning model. Further in the article she writes about the importance of these models in schools. She emphasizes on school prevention programs which are health focused and promotion programs. The author also describes the implementation process of the above stated models in the schools. This article sends a message across to the prospective counselors at schools and those working with the children. It works as a good professional foundation to understand, what addiction is and how the addictive behaviors can be restrained. This is a peer-reviewed journal article written by Gerald A.Juhnke who is understood to be working for the University of Texas at San Antonio in the department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Adult and Higher Education. This article provides an updated analysis on the information on the article contents published in the previous years. This article Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling is published by the American Counseling Association therefore the content in the article remains authentic. The article is primarily directed for the adulthood age group. This article is a literature review based on the previous articles written. New information regarding the author’s demographics and other details has been analyzed to make it more authentic and reliable source in the library. This article is of interest to me as it helps me to go in to the details of each author who has contributed to this subject. Additionally, because it is a literature review it provides me with critical analysis on the past literature written on the subject. Laux, J. M., Dupuy, P. J., Moe, J. L., Lambert, E., Ventura, L. A., Williamson, C., et al. (2008). The Substance Abuse Counseling Needs of Women in the Criminal. Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling, 29(1), 36-48. The authors of this article are from the

Friday, August 23, 2019

Homeland Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Homeland Security - Essay Example is a department created in the United States to help prevent terrorist attacks within the country, this responsibility is similar to emergency department’s role in dealing with terrorism, and thus it is correct to say the two somehow fit together. National Response Framework (NRF) is one of the various parts of the established National Strategy for Homeland Security (Bullock et al, 2013). NRF’s main work is to formulate and present the principles that would help guide the various factions involved in domestic response to terrorist attack or calamities, either man-made or natural. NRF is very essential to the National Incident Management System whose sole task is to develop principles and concepts that assist in the easy management of emergencies (Walsh, 2012). The principles govern the various agencies such as emergency management and homeland established to deal with emergencies. One of the main purpose of these agencies is to help secure the country in the quickest time possible following an emergency. The understanding of the emergency department helps people assume the responsibility of helping fellow citizens in emergency cases. Knowledge of how emergency department works make people cooperate with the government in different

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Tanglewood Case Essay Example for Free

Tanglewood Case Essay Each branch of Tanglewood uses distinct methods for recruiting. With the employee turnover very high is the retail industry, Tanglewood is no exception. For that purpose, they need to constantly hire new employees. To fill these positions Tanglewood uses a variety of recruiting methods, though each region need not necessarily follow all. While the methods used for recruiting are Media, Referrals, Kiosks, State Job Services and Staffing Agencies, individual branches determine which staffing method suits best for them to use for hiring store associates. Tanglewood needs a uniform recruiting strategy and a recruiting guide that will not only help them hire a candidate with the Person/Organization match but also attract a culturally diverse workforce. This will lower the chances of employee turnover and also make them compliant with the EEO and other laws. Having a standardized recruiting process across the chain will also create staffing operational efficiencies and help maintain the culture of the organization. In order to have a successful recruiting plan, the first thing that needs to be addressed is having a Job description for each position that is there in the organization. This can be done by Job Analysis which will determine what KSAOs are needed for a certain position. After job Analysis and Job description, a detail selection plan has to be made which will rank the KSAOs and how they can be assessed. For any recruiting plan to be successful, Tanglewood has to determine which method to use. Though each division uses a variation of methods to search for their job candidates, there has to be some consistency across the whole organization. WESTERN WASHINGTON It is the largest and most profitable region of all the Tanglewood stores, mainly because it is centered around Seattle which is a big urban city. In keeping with the company’s culture and values, this region strongly believes in employee participation and autonomy. This region’s primary method of recruiting is employee referral. In the Seattle area, job Services is also heavily used for recruiting. Lastly, to fill positions that have not been met with the initial methods, the Kiosk method is used. Western Washington heavily relies on employee referral recruiting method. Data shows that it gets the largest number of applicants that is 3362, of which 1564(47%) are  qualified and 1048(31%) are hired. This method has one of the highest rate of retention of 712(68%) next only to Job service which is 75% of the hired workforce. The setup cost for employee referrals is the same as Media and Job service which is $250,000. However, it has the highest variable cost amongst all the methods of $2,356,240, thus putting the total cost to $2,606,240 which is even higher than the Kiosk method. The cost per hire is $2,486.87 and the cost per 1 year survival is $3,660.45. This reveals that even though the employee referral method costs almost $1,100 more than Job service, in terms of qualification rate, hiring rate and employee retention it yields better. Job service data shows that it yields 4236 applicants, of which 1398(33%) are qualified and only 378(9%) are hired. This method has the highest rate of retention after 1 year of 284(75%). But if we look at the number it is only 284 employees versus 712 in referral. The setup cost for Job service is the same as Media and employee referrals, but it has the lowest variable cost amongst all the methods of $462,720, thus putting the total cost to $712,720 which is the lowest of all the methods. The cost per hire is $1,885.50 and the cost per 1 year survival is $2,509.58. This reveals that this is the cheapest method used for recruiting however the retention rate for this method is also the lowest. The kiosk method in the recruiting data shows that it yields 3114 job applicants, of which 1278(41%) are qualified and only 652(21%) are hired. This method has a retention rate after 1 year of 358(55%). This method is the most expensive with the setup cost of $40,000 and the variable cost of $1,413,574, thus putting the total cost to $2,413,574 which is the highest of all the methods. The cost per hire is $3,701.80 and the cost per 1 year survival is $6,741.83. This reveals that this is the second most expensive method used for recruiting per hire. The Media method in the recruiting data shows that is it the most expensive method in terms of applicants attracted and hired. It yields only 1430 job applicants, of which 536(37%) are qualified and only 204(14%) are hired. This method has a retention rate after 1 year of 92(45%). The setup cost is $10,000 and the variable cost of $469,280, thus putting the total cost to $719,280 which is slightly higher than Job service. However, the cost per hire is $3,525.88 and the cost per 1 year survival is the highest at $7,818.26. This reveals that this is the most expensive method used for recruiting per hire. Seeing the methods used and their results in  attracting and retaining employees, western Washington should continue using Employee referral method as their primary method, along with job service and Kiosk. EASTERN WASHINGTON Eastern Washington is very similar to western Washington in its management styles. It is where the company originated. It has 25 stores like Western Washington but the area apart from Spokane is largely rural. Though this region has pioneered all the organizational policies, since it the birthplace of the organization, it has created some variations due to its geographical differences. It largely uses traditional media methods of Advertising for recruiting more than any other method. Data shows that Media yields the most applicants 4592, of which 1608(35%) are qualified and 676(15%) are hired. This method has a rate of retention after 1 year of 352(52%). The total cost is $1,799,200 and the cost per hire is $2,661.54 and the cost per 1 year survival is $5,111.36. Employee referral data shows that it gets 4046 applicants, of which 1720(43%) are qualified and 1016(25%) are hired. This method has the highest rate of retention after 1 year of 762(75%). The total cost for employee referrals is the highest at $2,565,760. However, the cost per hire is $2,525.35 and the cost per 1 year survival is $3,367.14 which is the lowest amongst all the methods used. The kiosk methods in the recruiting data shows that it yields the lowest number of job applicants that is 2776, of which 1110(40%) are qualified and only 444(16%) are hired. This is mainly due to the fact that the area has a rural population who probably feel more comfortable applying for the job through an advertisement than physically going to the store and applying at the Kiosk. This method has a retention rate after 1 year of 284(64%) which is the second highest only after Media. The cost per hire is $4,466.07 and the cost per 1 year survival is $6,982.17. This reveals that this is the most expensive method used for recruiting per hire. This reveals that the region should make necessary changes to yield better results for recruiting more effectively. They should focus more on emp loyee referral which has yielded the highest rate of retention, and the lowest cost per hire as well as cost per 1 year survival. NORTHERN OREGON Northern Oregon has a very different philosophy for running its operations which is more professional in nature. It has a hierarchical decision making structure which is opposite to the company’s culture. It largely uses traditional media methods of Media, Kiosk and Staffing Agencies for recruiting. The kiosk method yields the most applicants that is 3896, of which 1656(43%) are qualified and only 696(18%) are hired. This method has a retention rate after 1 year of 446(64%) which is the second highest only after Agency. The total cost is $2,246,696 which is the highest. The cost per hire is $3,228.01 and the cost per 1 year survival is $5,037.43. Data shows that Media yields 2686 applicants, of which 1102(41%) are qualified and 364(14%) are hired. This method has a rate of retention after 1 year of 164(45%). The total cost is $1,022,720 and the cost per hire is $2,809.67 and the cost per 1 year survival is $6,236.10 which is the highest amongst all the methods used in Northern Oregon. The Staffing Agency method in the recruiting data shows that it yields the lowest number of job applicants that is 1290, of which 614(48%) are qualified and only 490(38%) are hired. This method has the highest retention rate after 1 year of 402(82%). The setup cost is the highest at $900,000, whereas the total cost is $1,451,400. The cost per hire is $2,962.04 and the cost per 1 year survival is $3,610.45 which is the lowest. This region should focus more on getting qualified applicants from staffing agencies as it yields the lowest cost per hire as well as cost per 1 year survival. SOUTHERN OREGON Southern Oregon is known for its innovativeness as a lot of recruiting methods were first tried in this region. It is the smallest division with only 16 stores, tough they are looking to expand into northern California. The primary methods used for recruiting in this region are Staffing agencies, referrals and Kiosk. Data shows that employee referral gets 1384 applicants, of which 610(44%) are qualified and 396(29%) are hired. This method has the second highest rate of retention after 1 year of 290(73%). The total cost for employee referrals is $1,054,880. However, the cost per hire is $2,663.84 and the cost per 1 year survival is $3,637.52 which is the lowest amongst all the methods used. The kiosk methods in the recruiting data shows that it yields the highest number of job applicants that is 2280,  of which 866(38%) are qualified and only 346(15%) are hired. This method has a retention rate after 1 year of 216(62%) which is the second highest only after Agency. The total cost is $1,409,600 which is the highest of all the three methods used. The cost per hire is $4,073.99 and the cost per 1 year survival is $6,525.93. This reveals that this is the most expensive method used for recruiting per hire. The Staffing Agency method in the recruiting data shows that it yields 1132 applicants, of which 522(46%) are qualified and 392(35%) are hired. This method has the highest retention rate after 1 year of 336(86%). The setup cost is the highest at $800,000, whereas the total cost is $1,245,120. The cost per hire is $3,716.33 and the cost per 1 year survival is $3,705.71. Therefore, this division should focus on referrals and agencies for getting the best recruits. CASE 6 – INTERVIEW Hiring the right person starts with the interviewing process. Conducting a successful interview requires a skilled interviewer to adequately prepare for the meeting and to recognize and respond to the dynamics of the situation. Although being a skilled interviewer is part of the equation, applying the correct interview technique can be just as important. There are several types of interview techniques used by managers: traditional interview, behavior interview and situational interview techniques. Tanglewood is looking to revise its selection methods for the department manager position. Presently, there is no structure to the selection process for this position. The current method of hiring department managers is similar to the one used for store associates. Tanglewood is looking to have a more efficient policy for screening. They would like to create a good sequence of staffing procedures by creating a selection plan for the department manager position as well as building a structured interviewing format which would include both situational and behavioral questions. A selection plan establishes an understanding of the job so you can hire the most qualified applicant. The plan lays out the major responsibilities of the job, identifies what KSAOs are needed to perform the job, and identifies the most effective selection procedures to use. INADEQUATE KSAO MEASURES There are a couple of inadequacies as far as the KSAO measurement is concerned. Those are the knowledge of legal Precepts and skill in analysis of financial and operational data. Both these KSAOs are not sufficiently measured during the selection process. It is essential for the department manager to be knowledgeable about the legal aspects concerning the retail business. The department managers in addition to having knowledge of legal aspects of the business need to have some kind of financial skills as well. A candidate’s knowledge in these fields can be tested through the interview process. 4. Knowledge of customer base served by the store| Yes| X| 5. Skills in managing personnel resource| Yes| X X| 6. Communication and speaking skills| Yes| X X| BIO=Biodata, MAE=Marshfield Applicant For, RK=Retail Knowledge, CON=Conscientiousness, EXT=Extroversion The current selection plan for the store manager bears some resemblance to the hiring process of store associates, but at a higher level. Tanglewood is seeking to change their hiring process for this position so as to hire the most appropriate applicant. Furthermore, the Spokane store where they are trying to fill this position has a symbolic value to the organization. It is not only the largest store in the chain but also nearly all managers are send to this store as part of their initial training. Therefore, it is important to create a hiring model that will help fill the position of store manager for this store but also help standardize the hiring process so that other stores can follow too. When we look at two of KSAOs, t hat is â€Å"Knowledge of Organizational policies and practices† and â€Å"Knowledge of Retail management policies and practices†, we can consider two  options. One is that the applicant should be knowledgeable about basic Organizational and Retail management policies and practices. Second is that if he is an external hire, he cannot be expected to know the Tanglewood’s Organizational and retail policies and practices. Only an internal hire would know that. As a result, we have marked the KSAO â€Å"Knowledge of Organizational policies and practices† and â€Å"Knowledge of Retail management policies and practices† as both â€Å"Yes† and â€Å"No†. â€Å"Yes† to be aware of basic Organizational and Retail management policies and practices, and â€Å"No† to the need to know Tanglewood’s Organizational and retail policies and practices. Tanglewood uses various methods to measure the KSAOs needed for the position of store manager. This position needs Behavioral KSAOs which measure soft skills which are the attitudes and approaches the applicants take to their work, such as a ability to collaborate on team projects or the ability to communicate orally with a broad range of individuals. Hence it is very important that the store manager possesses skills like sound decision making and communication skills. Other KSAOs necessary for the selection should be weighed depending on their importance to the job and as to whether they can be further enhanced by training on the job. Following a standardized selection process can help recruit the best candidate to achieve Tanglewood’s goals and maintain its corporate culture.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Psycological Contract Essay Example for Free

Psycological Contract Essay The psychological contract is a little difficult to define because as George (2009, pg3) states it ‘is implicit in that it is unspoken, unwritten and often only becomes apparent when it is breached, causing feelings of violation’ none the less it is extremely important part of the business and can be what ‘binds the employee and the employer together’ (Robinson and Rousseau, citied in George 2009 pg4) ‘through the mutual expectations of input and outcome’ outlined by Businessballs (2010) CIPD (2004, p5) outlines some of the things that people look for in a psychological contract: Employee attitude surveys undertaken by the CIPD since 1996 have been analysed by David Guest, Kings College London, and Neil Conway, Birkbeck College. The surveys have consistently focused on a number of key issues, including: satisfaction, motivation, fairness, trust, job security, loyalty, work–life balance, commitment. Downsizing is the process of removing layers from the company, sometimes known as retrenchment, involving potential redundancies, wage cuts and other general cut backs (Rollinson p41). In this text I will be looking at the effects downsizing can have on the psychological contract whether it can reduce the likelihood of a violation, with particular interest in what makes this ‘contract’ so important, what both the employer and employee are looking for within it and how other factors such as age and social media can have an impact. Businessballs(2010)back up the fact that ‘the psychological contract refers to the relationship between an employer and its employees’ and, in employment terms, it is about finding the balance between how the employee is treated by its employer, and what the employee puts into the job. CIPD (2004) surveys show that ‘90% of HR managers think the psychological contract is a useful concept for helping to manage the employment rel ationship’ this is brought by the, increasing, realisation that employee motivation, satisfaction and commitment can be very influential in the overall business performance, and if an employer can establish and maintain a positive psychological contract with its employee a sustainable business value is more likely to be met (CIPD 2004). So essentially it is a form of guarantee where ‘if each does his or her part, the relationship will be mutually beneficial’ (Robinson and Rousseau, citied in George 2009 pg4). This brings me to my first reason supporting the fact that Downsizing could reduce the likelihood of a psychological contract violation. In a recent survey it showed that staff given an adequate voice are more likely to be engaged and satisfied (CIPD 2009, p2). With downsizing likely to result in the removal of layers of supervision and middle management, the employee voice is more likely to be expressed as those remaining are likely to have more responsibilities and a say in day to day decisions through the process of empowerment (Rollinson 2008, p522) all things likely to strengthen the psychological contract, as if the employee is working harder the employer will be pleased and the employee will enjoy having more of a say and new responsibilities. In addition to this (CIPD 2009 p7) survey showed that ‘Direct’ channels of voice between employees and line managers/senior leaders are both more common and seen as more important than ‘indirect’ or ‘representative’ channels’ their surveys also showed one to one meetings with line managers to be ‘the most important facilitator of voice’ so again this is likely to be made easier through the process of downsizing as they will have the time to deal with less people and with the hierarchy likely to be ‘flatter†¦ and lateral rather than vertical communication is much more common.’ (Rollinson 2008, p522). However there is a lot of evidence to suggest downsizing is likely to have a negative effect on the psychological contract represented by ‘a number of rigorous empirical studies has shown that many empowerment initiatives fail to deliver their expected advantages and that employees can end up less committed than before’ (Rollinson 2008, p 522) as well as ‘a leading British survey has noted, taken overall, the combined effects of work reorganisation and downsizing have led to an extraordinary intensification of work pressure’ (Thompson and Mchugh 2002, p189). This is due to the additional work load and burden left for the employees that remain at the business and often just using a more flattering term such as empowerment will not have the desired effect (ibid.) as well as the apprehension caused by initiatives like downsizing which inevitably leads to the reduction of commitment and loyalty (Savery et al. 1998, citied in Rollinson 2008, p42). With 3 key aspe cts to the psychological contract, mentioned at the start (motivation, loyalty and commitment), likely to be lacking after downsizing the business performance could potentially take more damage ‘because headcount reductions tend to occur across the board†¦ quite frequently, the very people who will be needed to ensure future organisational success disappear as well’ (Rollinson 2008, p50) with performance slacking the employer won’t be satisfied and if the important employees leave then clearly they are not satisfied with the way things are being run and therefore there must have been some break down in the psychological contract. Downsizing can bring other negative aspects to your business in the form of ‘politicking’ which happens in all business to a certain degree, through the form of complaints, adherence to rules etc. but is more likely to happen when resources are reclining or changes are taking place (Robbins et al. 2010, p380/382). With the aim of politicking often being to ‘block or inhibit another group (or individual) from achieving goals’ (Rollinson 2008, p414). Political behaviour is more likely to happen when there is a lack of trust within the organisation (Robbins et al. 2008) and therefore is another suggestion that the psychological contract has been breached, due to downsizing. This argument if backed up in (ibid.) which states ‘there is very strong evidence that perceptions of organisational politics are negatively related to job satisfaction. The perception of politics also tends to increase job anxiety and stress’. Although this shows strong evidence that downsizing could lead to violations in the psychological contract it is not guaranteed, as business balls stress, the outcome of change relies strongly on how it is sold to whoever is concerned (2010) by sold they are referring to how well ‘the use of persuasion, influence or incentive, in causing someone or a group to do something they would probably not otherwise do’ If done properly it is likely the psychological contract will be strengthened as ideally you will meet some sort of compromise and both parties will be happy as ‘persuasion can produce mutually positive outcomes in some situations’ (ibid.). However if a lot of persuasion is involved when trying to implement change on someone it is usually because they are unlikely to accept the situation otherewise, and if pushed too hard it is possible to put off those being persuaded and is unlikely to produce a good outcome for the persuader either (business balls 2010). This is extremely relevant to the psychological contract because it involves a lot of trusted. The transition is always likely to go more smoothly, and the psychological contract can remain strong if the leader is open with his employees giving them all the information and an honest explanation ‘People need to know what lies ahead, and to be consulted and supported in dealing with it.’ (ibid.) There are many things that can affect the psychological contract at an organisation, but it is not the same for everyone. Generation diversity has a huge impact on modern business with organisations having to counter for the different age groups who are unlikely to have the same needs and expectations, for example ‘older, mid- and late career employees were more likely to believe that their psychological contracts are unreplicable’ (Ng Feldman 2008, citied in George 2009 p125) potentially making them a safer option to employ as they will have less concerns when their contract is breached. The importance in taking all the different generations into account is outlined in a recent study (CIPD 2008): The speed of communications, the pace of change to meet mass markets, economic migration and more rigorous Public sector accountability, make this a unique time in the workplace. These have all placed greater emphasis than ever before on the need for organisations to be agile and harness different capabilities. Skills in digital technology, information management and entrepreneurialism are mixed with longstanding wisdom, change management and customer service ethos. The four generations in the workplace are bringing divergent skills, learning styles and expectations around reward. These four generations consist of the veterans, baby boomers, generation x and generation z, as well as the start of generation Z which consist of 16 year olds and younger soon to be a part of modern day business. They develop their different approaches to business through social trends, education, and technology (CIPD 2008). When looking at the psychological contract it is going to be more positive if there is a common goal (George 2008, p4) and therefore it is important to look at what each generation can offer you. Studies in the United States found that ‘(65+) are hardworking, conservative and conforming†¦ mid-40 to mid-60†¦ achievement, ambition and dislike of authority. Late-20s to early 40’s value work/life balance, relationship, dislike of rules†¦ under 30s value financial success, confidence and loyalty to self and relationships’.(Robbins et al. 2008, -95) ‘By understanding what motivates its employees, an organisation can develop a compelling value proposition to engage and reward them.’ (CIPD 2008, p10). Not only does it point out the differences between the generations but it can also help employers recognise ‘generic values’ (Ibid.) with only 4% of people feeling that a competitive deal and job security was not important when being offered a job, all with the exception of a few veterans looked for personal development as well as there being a significant demand for people management skills, technology development leadership training and knowledge about their organisation. (CIPD 2008, p11) Essentially it is finding the right mix to suit each individual that makes up the psychological contract, ‘Proactively managing the organisation’s employer brand and reflecting generational differences in job design, will be fundamental drivers of attraction and engagement’ (CIPD 2008 p35) Google are an example of an organisation who have got this balance right and have been rewarded with the reputation of number 1 place for graduates to work. This is due to the combination of internal rewards, a consistent recruitment process, a variety of social and professional interest groups, a consistency globally in terms of technology and a personal recruitment process and other benefits which keep the employee happy which makes them want to keep the employer happy and thus an extremely positive psychological contract is built (CIPD 2008) In addition to keeping up with the modern generations it is also important for companies to show an interest in modern technology. However the introduction of social media sights have shown a recent concern amongst employers as CIPD 2009 survey suggest ‘most either forbade (21.1%) or discouraged it (45.5%)’ this is due to the things people might say about their company with (Robbins et al. 2010) recording that ’39 per cent of individual bloggers say they have posted comments that could be construed as harmful to their company’s reputation’ realistically this is a breach in the psychological contract and the reason employers are reluctant for their employees to use them. On balance it is clear that the psychological contract can play a key role in the success of the business and any violations to it can be extremely costly. However with reference to the question it is hard to say whether or not downsizing reduces the chances of the contract being violated, because although if managed carefully people could feel the benefits through empowerment and if the employer is fair and open with the employee it could help build a stronger relationship (business balls 2010), I feel the evidence to suggest your staff are likely to feel increased stress and pressure from the work load and as shown in (CIPD 2004, p17) list of top fifteen ways to develop a good psychological contract number one is ‘Avoid redundancies whenever possible: redundancies lower morale’ which suggests you are starting on the back foot by downsizing. Anon. (2010) The psychological contract [online][viewed 10/12/2012] http://www.businessballs.com/psychological-contracts-theory.htm#external-relative-factors CIPD. (2009) Learning and development. Annual survey report. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. CIPD (2008) Gen Up how the four generations work. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development CIPD (2004). Practical Tools from CIPD research. London: chartered Institute of Personnel and Development George C. (2009). The Psychological Contract. Maidenhead: Open University Press Robbins S.P, T.A Judge, T.T Campbell. 2010. Organizational Behaviour. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall Rollinson D. (2008). Organisational behaviour and analysis, an integrated approach. 4th ed. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall Thompson P, Mchugh D. (2002) Work Organisation. 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave

Chronicle Of Death Foretold, Marquez

Chronicle Of Death Foretold, Marquez In every society, there exist authority figures that are looked upon by their people to provide a stronghold of security and leadership. A competent leader is one who holds interest in the welfare of his people before his own. He concerns himself with defending justice rather than his status and personal interests. In contrast to these ideal are the authority figures portrayed in Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Chronicle of a Death Foretold and Albert Camus The Stranger. With societies constantly looking to authority figures for guidance, Marquez and Camus both utilize the literary devices of satire and irony to depict follies in the actions of the leaders and to criticize their negative influence on the people. Within the novel, Chronicle of Death Foretold, Marquez specifically uses situational irony and satire of the legal system to portray the ineffectual roles of the societys leaders. Marquez commences his novel by illustrating the townspeople engaging in a thorough preparation for the annual arrival of the bishop. The entire town anticipates for his arrival, bearing gifts and animals. Ironically, however, the bishop exhibits a great amount of apathy toward the people in this town. The author illustrates the scene of the blessing as a fleeting illusion with the bishop making the sign of the cross in the air opposite the crowd on the pierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ doing it mechanically [and] without malice or inspiration. (Marquez, 17). It is apparent the bishop simply went through the required motions necessitated to form this physical act, showing minimal-or if any-devotion. As the highest leader of the church, many would agree that it is Bishops responsibility to uphold the intrinsic values of hi s faith teachings. Forgiveness, acceptance, and love are all commonly accepted Christian values. However, its ironic that the bishops blessing completely contradicts such Christian ideals. The bishops attitude toward his own people displays little acceptance or religious devotion. Through the authors description of this involuntary action, the bishop is portrayed as a dispassionate and apathetic character. This very apathetic nature clearly exposes his spiritual faà §ade. Like a child abandoned by the parents, this society is left without much structure or guidance. Without this principled guidance, the society will eventually come to reflect its leader. Therefore, it is not surprising how social apathy comes to be one of the central causes behind the death of Santiago Nasar. Furthermore, Marquez effectively employs the use of satire on the legal system to further elicit the follies of authority figures. During the trial of Santiagos murderers, the Vicario Twins, the narrator recou nts, The lawyer stood by the thesis of homicide in legitimate defense of honor, which was upheld by the court in good faith (48). Here, the legal system is clearly satirized as the two brothers are found innocent at their trial, despite committing a flagitious murder. Legal authorities within the court of law are looked upon to conduct trials in an objective and rational manner. However, this is not the case with the trial. The courts view of reality has become tainted by the high values and reverence that has been placed upon tradition and honor. Marquez criticizes how authority figures from the court places more emphasis on defending societal values such as honor over defending the possible innocence of a man. In turn, people of the town come to approve a crime such as murder if it in is the name of honor because that is what is being condoned in the court of justice. Similar to the way Marquez exposes the folly in the actions of the legal authorities, Camus narration in The Stranger also exposes follies in the actions of the magistrate and judge as seen through the satire on religion and the use of verbal irony. In a particular instance during one of the interviews, the magistrate begins communicating to Meursault about his faith in God. He then begins waving his crucifix almost directly over [Meursaults] head, (Camus, 68) in the hopes of inciting a sense of repentance in Meursault. However, when it is apparent that Meursault is still unaffected, the magistrate becomes enraged and thrusts the crucifix in [Meursaults] face and was screaming irrationally (69). Through such a reaction, it is evident how the rational faà §ade of the magistrate can easily be shattered just like the spiritual faà §ade of the bishop in Chronicle of a Death Foretold. Likewise, just as how Marquez draws attention to the bishops selfishness, Camus also effectively gives way to the selfish nature of the magistrate. Instead of inquiring Meursault about his motives or reasons for his crime like any ration and dignified legal authority should do, the magistrate strives to assert his faith onto others. Yet, even his intentions to do so are flawed, because just like the bishop, the magistrate does not exemplify or teach any true Christian values. He wields the crucifix as a source of power, expecting every criminal to weep at its sight as they have all done in the past. In doing so, the magistrate utilizes the crucifix as a way to reassure himself on the truth of his beliefs, not to bring others close to the faith. This manifestation of the magistrates selfish desires exemplifies how religion is satirized in Camus work. Through the actions of the magistrate, Camus shows how society exploits faith as a defense to avoid taking responsibility for their lives. Instead of using religious faith to find inner peace, the people in the society are taught by autho rity figures, like the magistrate, to use religion for self interest. Later on in the novel, Camus uses verbal irony to convey the follies of yet another legal authority, the judge. Right before the commencement of Meursaults trial, he states, According to [the judge], he was there to conduct in an impartial manner the proceedings of a case which he would consider objectively and that the case will be handled in the spirit of justice (86). The very fact that judge vowed to been entirely impartial is highly unbelievable, especially with a case concerning a murder. The folly to examine here is the fact that everyone has their own prejudices which, undeniably includes the judge. In The Stranger, it is apparent as to how Meursaults disbelief in God and his indifference to the world deeply disturbs society. Society, however, cannot handle to have strangers or outsiders who live by other rules. It demands obedience, and nothing less. In the end, Meursault is condemned to a brutal fate not because of the crime he committed, but the fact that he cannot submit to such societal expectations. Meursaults fate has already been determined even before the trial begins. Nothing about his trial is viewed, argued about, or judged in unbiased expression. As a result, his sentence will not save him any justice either, emphasizing the irony in the words of the judge. In essence, the judge is not present to administer justice but to obliterate those outside of the accepted conformity. Camus uses this fact to criticize how society has the inclination to follow the face-value standards provided by higher authorities.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

deviance :: essays research papers

SUMMARY OF DEVIANCE In the eighth chapter of â€Å"Sociology†, I. Robertson explains that there are many definitions about deviance but not enough, so he tries to find closer one and clarify the deviance. He starts with a question which is â€Å"who is deviant?† and lists of its answers.In the list of its answers, Robertson benefits from Simons` study and he says that; â€Å"the words refer to people and acts that other people strongly disapprove of †(23).On the other hand, Robertson then counters it with conflicting topic of sociological literature.He claims that the concept of this definition is found slippery one by sociologists.After this idea,Robertson questions second definition which is â€Å"dviance is any behavior that doesn`t conform to social norms†(24).However, Robertson judges this definiton as not helpful.He exemplifies that eating three meals in a day can be deviant behavior for some unimportant social norms.Therefore, Robertson argues that minor deviations are n`t included in the particular sociological interest.He claims that the main idea of sociological interest is about violations which are regarded as offensive by majority of people. And he says that one word is stigma – a bad reputation or disapproving by a lot of people. After this analysis, he benefits from second definition and improves it, so he finally declares a definition, which is â€Å"deviance refers to behavior or characteristics that violate significant social norms and expectations and are negatively valued by large numbers of people as a result†(24). He emphasizes that this definition clarifies deviance more than others. He continues with clarification of deviance by helping of main three points. Firstly, he claims that there is no close relationship between deviance and statistical rarity. He exemplifies that jogging before the breakfast can be unusual statistically but not a reason for deviance. However, Robertson then states that some norms can be modified or abandoned time to time. He makes clear it with an example that premarital sex was prohibited in American society several years ago. However, nowadays the majority of American society admits this event normally. As a result, Robertson declares firmly that norms can lose their force or influence as time passes. Secondly, Robertson argues about division of â€Å"normals† and â€Å"deviants†. He explains briefly that there is no class between normals and deviants. He illustrates that if we divide people as thieves, patients (mental disordered) or drug users, we will have a few â€Å"normal† people. In addition to them, Robert son says, â€Å"deviance is relative†(25).

Monday, August 19, 2019

Battle of the Divas :: essays research papers

â€Å"Kiss my Brass! I’m not retiring and you can’t make me.† Bette Midler is in the prime of her life, selling out her concerts entertaining millions with her amazing voice and witty sense of humor. For over thirty years, Bette has been in an everlasting competition with the other world wide known sarcastically blunt entertainer, Cher. These two divas have made their way to the top by producing numerous CD’s containing hit songs that will forever be remembered, and starred in hit movies earning the title as an actor/singer, which few have been able to do. Though they are in the same line of business and have accomplished similar things, they carry their weight in two opposite manners. Bette is a better entertainer for her amount of success, and way of performing in a decent manner. With four Grammys, three Emmys, two Oscar nominations and a special Tony to her credit (as of 1999), the self-styled â€Å"Queen of Trash† Bette Midler is one of the more honored multi-talented performers in American showbiz. Bette constructed the larger-than-life role of 'The Divine Miss M' (also the title of her 1972 debut album for Atlantic Records) and built her career as a red-haired performer with the wide, lovely smile. Bette's early 1970s act "nailed the nostalgia thing" with Andrews Sisters takeoffs 1973's "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" and 1960s girl-group numbers, as well as including blues and show tunes in its broad musical spectrum. Midler formed her own production company, and made her first foray into producing with the successful "Beaches" (1990), an updated woman's picture which yielded her first Number 1 hit, "The Wind Beneath My Wings". Can anyone remember when Cher wasn’t around? She has gone from pop singer, TV and movie star, to a nobody: an infomercial queen and a laughingstock. She’s back at pop superstar, and all this occurred within approximately 15 years. Throughout it all, she survived in the public eye, something no one can take away from her. The best way to summarize Cher is to say that she has lived the equivalent of 5 lifetimes in one. The whole "I believe Sonny spoke to me beyond the grave" incident didn't exactly do anything to help her credibility, but Cher has never been afraid to be outspoken. She says what's on her mind, even though she might sound incoherent at times. She has received a lot of press for doing some wild stuff, and some people might feel that the media has always underrated her acting abilities.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

The Radical Changes Resulting from the American Revolution Essay

All of us alive today have grown up learning about the American Revolution. Although it contains the word â€Å"revolution† in its name, there are many who don’t consider the American Revolution a real revolution. After considering the definition of a revolution – a radical change of an entire system, usually by war, resulting in a change of the way of life of the people involved – and the American society before and after the American Revolution, it is obvious that those who don’t consider the American Revolution a revolution are mistaken. Among the many aspects of colonial society affected by the American Revolution, those most greatly affected by the revolution were the attitude towards slavery, the role of women, and the role of trade. The Civil War, as well as events associated with it, being a large part of our history, is taught to all children in America at an early age. Growing up, we are taught the evils of slavery and how slaves were treated poorly. The evils about which we’ve been taught were actually occurring prior to the American Revolution. Over the course of the revolution, the attitude toward and treatment of slaves changed. Before the American Revolution, many people, though not all, thought of slaves as â€Å"subhuman† or as animals. Even among those who gave the slaves the good treatment they deserved, there was still a feeling that the whites were better than the slaves. How many black people did could have been seen living in their nice house with a few white slaves? None; that sight was non-existent. The few black people who were free had little money. Had they been wealthy, there was still no way they ever would have found a white person who would have been their slave. Nor would that have been allowed. ... ...heir own laws about trade (once the Constitution was written). The colonies, not Britain, could decide who they traded with and what taxes they charged; they had complete control over the system of trade. The term â€Å"revolution† requires a radical change of an entire system that changes people’s lives. Slavery, the attitudes toward women, and the trade system were only a few parts of the entire system that changed during the American Revolution. Not to mention the change in government from a Monarchy to a Democracy! People’s lives have been different ever since the American Revolution. Had the colonists never broken away from Britain, we wouldn’t be studying American history. Rather, we’d be studying British history. The large step of breaking away from England has radically changed the way the colonists lived and has had a huge influence on the way we live today. The Radical Changes Resulting from the American Revolution Essay All of us alive today have grown up learning about the American Revolution. Although it contains the word â€Å"revolution† in its name, there are many who don’t consider the American Revolution a real revolution. After considering the definition of a revolution – a radical change of an entire system, usually by war, resulting in a change of the way of life of the people involved – and the American society before and after the American Revolution, it is obvious that those who don’t consider the American Revolution a revolution are mistaken. Among the many aspects of colonial society affected by the American Revolution, those most greatly affected by the revolution were the attitude towards slavery, the role of women, and the role of trade. The Civil War, as well as events associated with it, being a large part of our history, is taught to all children in America at an early age. Growing up, we are taught the evils of slavery and how slaves were treated poorly. The evils about which we’ve been taught were actually occurring prior to the American Revolution. Over the course of the revolution, the attitude toward and treatment of slaves changed. Before the American Revolution, many people, though not all, thought of slaves as â€Å"subhuman† or as animals. Even among those who gave the slaves the good treatment they deserved, there was still a feeling that the whites were better than the slaves. How many black people did could have been seen living in their nice house with a few white slaves? None; that sight was non-existent. The few black people who were free had little money. Had they been wealthy, there was still no way they ever would have found a white person who would have been their slave. Nor would that have been allowed. ... ...heir own laws about trade (once the Constitution was written). The colonies, not Britain, could decide who they traded with and what taxes they charged; they had complete control over the system of trade. The term â€Å"revolution† requires a radical change of an entire system that changes people’s lives. Slavery, the attitudes toward women, and the trade system were only a few parts of the entire system that changed during the American Revolution. Not to mention the change in government from a Monarchy to a Democracy! People’s lives have been different ever since the American Revolution. Had the colonists never broken away from Britain, we wouldn’t be studying American history. Rather, we’d be studying British history. The large step of breaking away from England has radically changed the way the colonists lived and has had a huge influence on the way we live today.

Saturday, August 17, 2019

Common Study Habits Among Students in the Tertiary Level

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM THE SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY PURPOSE OF THE STUDY CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH QUESTION REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3 – 5 METHOD – â€⠀œ – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH DESIGN PARTICIPANTS RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS RESULT – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – â€⠀œ – – – 7 – 10 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES TABLES ANALYSIS – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12 – 13 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS DISCUSSION – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – †“ – – – – – – – – 14 FINDINGSCONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION- – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 14 REFERENCES – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15 COMMON STUDY HABITS AMONG STUDENTS IN THE TERTIARY INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A research on the study habits among students in the tertiary level, th e study investigated the common study habits among students in the tertiary level using school like St. Nicolas College as a case study.Thirty (30) students were given a questionnaire from different department and year level in the area. The instrument utilized for the study was a questionnaire named â€Å"Common Study Habits among Students in the Tertiary Level†. What are study habits? Study habits are the ways that you study – the habits that you have formed during your school years. Study habits can be good ones, or bad ones. Good study habits include being organized, keeping good notes, reading your textbook, listening in class, and working every day.Bad study habits include skipping class, not doing your work, watching TV or playing video games instead of studying, and losing your work, the manner with which you consistently use to study for school or college. Some of the students missed the effective study habits. In this problem, the researcher wishes to improve and enhanced their learning and to reach their highest potential in significant improvements on test scores and the highest level of success in the classroom or on the job.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The problem is focused mainly on the common study habits among student in the tertiary level. THE SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY The problem is focused mainly on the common study habits among student in the tertiary level are significant in various ways. It is believed that findings of this research will definitely be useful to the teachers understanding the capacity, strength and weaknesses of the student and also to influence them in better study habits.OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY This study was based on the following objectives to describe the study habits of the students in St. Nicolas College, to suggest measures to improve the study habits of the students. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to find out the common study habit among students in the tertiary level. This study also intends to reveal or find out what, if any, relationship exists between habit and effective study habits of students in the tertiary level.

Friday, August 16, 2019

The Interaction Between Heredity and Environment

Have you ever wondered why people resemble their parents? The answer to this and other questions about inheritance lies in a specialized branch of biology called genetics. Geneticist found that most aspects of life have a hereditary basis and that many traits can appear in more than one form. For instance, human beings have blond, or red, or brown, or black hair. They may have one of several different types of blood, one or several colors of skin. Their ear lobes may be attached or free. They may or may not be able to manufacture certain enzymes.Some of these traits are much more important to the life of the individual than others, but all of them are hereditary. The geneticist is interested not only in the traits of man but in those of all other organisms as well. The study of inheritance depends on the differences as well as the similarities between parents and offspring over several generations. Heredity is very complex, and a geneticist cannot possibly analyze all the traits of a n organism at once. Instead, he studies only a few traits at a time. Many other traits are present.As the geneticists work out the solution to each hereditary mystery, the geneticist must not forget that all organisms live in a complex environment. The environment may affect the degree to which a hereditary trait develops. The geneticist must try to find out which of the many parts of the environment may affect his results. The factors must be kept as constant as possible by using controlled experiments. Only then can he tell that the differences observed are due to heredity. Heredity determines what an organism may become, not what it will become. What an organism becomes depends on both its heredity and environment.The modern science of genetics started with the work of Gregor Mendel. He found that a certain factor in a plant cell determined the traits the plant would have. Thirty years after his discovery this determines was given the name gene. Of the traits Mendel studied, he c alled dominant those at showed up in the offspring and recessive those The question I will ask is: how much of the variability observed between different individuals is due to hereditary differences between them, and how much to differences in the environments under which the individuals developed?In most organisms, including man, genetics information is transmitted from mother to daughter cells and from one generation to the next by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Knowledge of the heredity or inheritance of plants and animals is important in many phases of our life. The question I will ask is: How much of the variability observed between different individuals is due to hereditary differences between them, and how much to differences in the environments under which the individuals developed?The purpose of designing a unit on ? Heredity And Environment? is to help students learn more about themselves. They will learn why they develop into the kind of individual they are. The unit will d iscuss heredity traits and environmental conditions, chromosomes, DNA, studies of identical twins, and several diseases linked to heredity and environment. The students will do some hands on activities by constructing a model which represents DNA. They will explore plants with the exact same heredity and plants with different heredity.They will change the conditions in the environment to see the way the plant organisms with the same heredity may develop differently in different environments and why organisms with different heredity develop in the matter in which they do. Heredity is not the only thing that effects development. The environment also has an important effect. The unit can be taught to students in grades five through eight. The science and math teachers are encouraged to use a team teaching approach. Other features that will be included in the unit are content, lesson plans, resources, reading list and a bibliography.Genes and DNA DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, ma kes up the genes that transmits hereditary traits. The DNA molecule looks like a long, twisted rope ladder. This is called the double helix. The ladder is made up of two coiled strands with rungs between them. The rungs are composed of pairs of chemicals in different combinations. Each combination carries instructions like the dot and dashes of the Morse Code. Each gene in the body is a DNA section with full set of instructions for guiding the formation of just one particular protein. The different proteins made by the genes direct the body? functions throughout a person? s life. DNA is made of six parts: a sugar, a mineral (phosphate), and four special chemicals called bases. These bases are represented as A;T;C; and G. Sugar and phosphate form the chains, or sides, of the staircase. The A;G;C and T bases form the steps. See figure 1. Each step is made of two pieces, which are always paired the same way. The A base always pairs with the T base. And the G base always pairs with the C base. Figure 1. DNA Structure (figure available in print form) DNA Reproduces Itself Two new identical DNAs are immediately formed.The A,G,C, and T bases on each chain attract loose bases found floating within the nucleus. Ts attract As and Cs attract Gs. The two new DNAs are just like the original DNA. Each strand directs the synthesis of a complementary strand. The replication of DNA is the key to heredity, the passing of traits from parents to offspring. DNA replication results in the formation of new reproductive cells. It also results in the formation of new cells, which is important for the growth of an organism. See Fig. 2. Figure 2. (figure available in print form) Watson-Crick?DNA Replication-Redrawn from version in Levine, Genetics, Holt, Rinehart, Winston, 1968. Chromosomes Genes and chromosomes provide the genetic link between generations. Chromosomes are strands of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of virtually every cell, but with few exceptions seen only during t he process of cell division. The number of chromosomes in a cell is characteristic of the species. Some have very few, whereas others may have more than a hundred. Ordinarily, every cell in the body of an organism contains the same number of chromosomes.The most important exception is found in the case of gametes where half the usual number is found. Human beings have 46 chromosomes in each cell, with the exception of the spermatozoa in males and the ova in females, each of which has 23 chromosomes. Human chromosomes occur in pairs, the total 46 consisting of 23 pairs; 22 pairs of autosomes which are non-sex determining chromosomes. The member of a pair are essentially identical, with the exception of sex chromosomes in males, and each pair is different from any other pair. Plants and animals inherit chromosomes from their parents.Each plant and animal cell has a set of chromosomes. Chromosomes, then, control the heredity of an organism. They carry the blueprint that determines what kind of organism will develop. Some Relationship Between Heredity And Environment Organisms can transmit some hereditary conditions to their offspring even if the parents do not show the trait. In the small, familiar fruit fly. Drosophila, there is a hereditary trait in which the wings curl up sharply if the files are raised at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. If, however, the files are raised at a lower temperature, such as 16 degrees Celsius then the trait rarely appears.The wings seem to be straight, and the flies look normal. The genetic trait is there, however, and will reappear in the next generation if the temperature returns to 25 degrees Celsius. See fig. 3. A similar type of inheritance appears in plants. In some types of corn the kernels will remain yellow until they are exposed to sunlight. Once exposed, the kernels become various shades of red and purple. Some traits do not appear to be affected by the environment. One of the first hereditary traits studied in huma ns was polydactyly. An individual with polydactyly has more than ten figures or toes.See fig. 4. This trait does not seem to be affected by the environment at all. Other human traits like color blindness, baldness, blood type, skin color, the ability to taste certain substances, the presence or absence of hairs on the middle of the fingers, and free or attached ear lobes do not seem to be influenced by the environment. (figure available in print form) Figure 3? This diagram shows how temperature affects curly-wing trait in Drosophila. If the third generation of curly-winged flies had been raised in 16? C environment.Source:Redrawn from Biological Science, Houghton, Mifflin Co. , Boston, 1963, p. 379. Figure 4? An example of polydactyly. Extra digits on either hands or feet are almost always abnormal in structure. (figure available in print form) Source: Biological Science, Houghton Mifflin Co. , Boston, 1963. p. 380. A common cited example of an environmental effect on phenotype is the coloring of Siamese Cats, although these cats have a genotype for dark fur, the enzymes that produce the dark coloring function best at temperatures below the normal body temperature of the cat.Siamese Cats are noted for the dark markings on their ears, nose, paws, tail, and all areas that have a low body temperature. If the hair on the cat? s belly is shaved and an ice pack is applied, the replacement hair will be dark. Likewise, a shaved tail, kept at higher than normal temperatures, would soon be covered with light colored fur. These changes are temporary, however, unless the ice pack or heat source is maintained permanently. The most celebrated effect of an environmental agent directly affecting the unborn, is that produced by the rubella virus.This German measles virus is capable of crossing the placenta from mother to child, and the prenatal infection, if it occurs early enough, may result in deafness and other damage to the child. Similarly, maternal infection with the ra re protozoan parasite Toxoplasma can cause serious congenital defects in the fetus, and the same has been suspected for Asian influenza. Another environmental factor is anoxia. Anoxia is a natural hazard of childbirth, and in most cases the infant makes a normal adjustment to it.When infants suffer from delayed respiration or asphyxia during birth, it is widely accepted that this is responsible for later difficulties such neurologic abnormalities. Warburton and Fraser have emphasized that the development of a fetus depends on a precise and extremely intricate system of interactions between two sets of hereditary factors and two environments, all acting at the same time on the growing baby. The mother and the fetus each have their own environment and their own genotype.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Swastika–a Symbol of Good and Evil

SOCS350-ON November 7, 2008 THE SWASTIKA-A SYMBOL OF GOOD AND EVIL The hackenkreuz, gamma cross, gammadion, St. Brigit’s cross, fylfot cross and swastika are all references to one symbol, the oldest cross in the world. This symbol is represented several thousand years B. C. in multiple cultures. It is not until the 1900’s that the term â€Å"swastika† elicits such a fervor of emotions. It is interesting to contrast the viewpoints of the Chinese community versus the enormity of human passion that ensues in a Jewish community when the symbol is displayed. As cited in Chinese Symbols – Common Five Asian Attributes,http:symbolic-meanings. com/2007/11/01chinese-symbols-commonAncient Chinese symbols and their meanings are a product of a very savvy people who understood the human need to progress in their conjunction with their propensity to link positive change with visual/allegorical concepts. The Chinese believe that crises in one’s life bring the opportunity for change. Symbolism is incorporated in the kanji, more commonly referred to as Chinese characters. Kanji, itself means both crises and opportunity. As many people of China embrace the Buddhist religion, it is an opportunity to discuss the swastika from this point of view. As cited in ReligionFacts; â€Å" The Swastika Symbol in Buddhism† htt//symbolic-meanings. com/2007/11/01chinese-symbols-common Page 2 Swastika In Buddhism, the swastika signifies auspiciousness and good fortune as well as the Buddha’s footprints and the Buddha’s heart. The swastika is said to contain the whole mind of the Buddha and can often be found imprinted on the chest, feet or palms of Buddha images. It is also the first of the 65 auspicious symbols on the footprint of the Buddha. The swastika will also be found in homes, on the doorways to temples, at the beginning of books, in decorative borders and in clothing as well as being carved into Chinese coins. The swastika is seen as a symbol of luck and life. As cited in NewsFinder. org/site/more/swastika â€Å"The Oldest Known Symbol† In Nazi Germany, the swastika became the national symbol. In 1910, a poet and nationalist, Guido von List suggested that the swastika be a symbol for all anti Semitic organizations. On August 7, 1920, at the Salzburg Congress, this flag became the official emblem of the Nazi Party. The actual drawing of the thousands of year old swastika remained the same with one exception after the adoption by the Nazi’s—the exclusive use of the colors black, red and white. The swastika holds a vivid, powerful vision for those of the Jewish community. The impact though now changes from positive and serene as seen with the Chinese community to that of conjuring up memories of the holocaust, a time of horror and hate. The brief appropriation by the Nazi’s of the swastika has forever destroyed the positive a Page 3 Swastika and serene interpretation of this symbol for much of the world but especially for those of Hebrew belief. So deeply imbedded in the minds of those with an ancestry to Judaism that to merely see the swastika is to re-live the stories of the holocaust, the inhumanity and despair. So powerful a symbol is that the swastika can create havoc on one’s limbic system. Though fewer victims are left now from this reign of terror, the legacy lives on to this day and assuredly shall for many generations to come. Two cultures, two moments in time, two opposing interpretations as related to a simple drawing have been discussed. The power is of course not in the drawing, but in the meaning perceived by the drawing. In one culture we see the swastika as life, in the other we see the swastika as a vile destruction of life.